Spanish Steps in Rome: A Historic Roman Landmark

The Spanish Steps, known in Italian as the Scalinata di Trinità dei Monti, are among the most iconic landmarks in Rome. Connecting Piazza di Spagna at the base to the Trinità dei Monti church at the top, the steps are famous for their graceful design, cultural significance, and bustling atmosphere. They’re not just a scenic staircase, but a gathering place for locals, tourists, and artists alike.

History of the Spanish Steps

The idea to build the steps came in the 17th century to link the Spanish Embassy at the bottom with the French-owned church at the top. French diplomat Étienne Gueffier left a bequest to fund the project after his death in 1660. However, construction was delayed due to disagreements between the French and the papacy.

In the early 1700s, Pope Clement XI revived interest in the project. A design competition in 1717 resulted in architect Francesco de Sanctis being selected. The steps were completed in 1725 and officially opened during the Jubilee year. Despite being funded by a Frenchman, they’re called the Spanish Steps because of the Spanish Embassy’s proximity in Piazza di Spagna.

Architectural Highlights

The staircase includes 135 to 138 travertine steps, depending on how they’re counted. Designed in a flowing Baroque style, the steps feature curves, terraces, and wide landings that give them an elegant and theatrical appearance. Their dynamic layout helps visually align the irregular buildings nearby.

De Sanctis added seating areas and benches to encourage rest and socializing. The design creates the sense of a cascading waterfall, particularly striking when viewed from the Piazza di Spagna.

What to See at the Spanish Steps

Trinità dei Monti Church

At the top of the steps stands this French Renaissance church, home to important artworks like The Deposition by Daniele da Volterra. Its twin bell towers are visible from many parts of Rome.

Fontana della Barcaccia

This 17th-century fountain at the foot of the steps was created by Pietro Bernini and possibly his son, Gian Lorenzo Bernini. It resembles a half-sunken boat and was inspired by a historic flood of the Tiber River.

Keats-Shelley House

Located to the right as you ascend the steps, this house is now a museum dedicated to Romantic poets like John Keats and Percy Bysshe Shelley. Keats died here in 1821.

Via Condotti

This luxury shopping street connects to the base of the steps and features boutiques from brands like Gucci, Prada, and Bulgari. It’s a must-visit for fashion enthusiasts.

Babington’s Tea Room

Founded in 1896 by two Englishwomen, this elegant tea room to the left of the steps is known for its refined menu and traditional English service.

Practical Tips for Visiting

Getting There

Take Rome Metro Line A to the Spagna station, which brings you directly to the steps. You can also walk from nearby attractions like the Trevi Fountain or Piazza del Popolo.

Accessibility

A lift is available near the metro station for those with mobility issues. Most surrounding streets are walkable but may be cobbled.

Best Times to Visit

Visit early in the morning or after sunset to avoid the largest crowds. Spring, especially April and May, is a popular time due to the annual display of blooming azaleas on the steps.

Etiquette and Rules

Sitting, eating, or drinking on the steps is now prohibited. Fines may be issued for damaging the monument or littering. Be respectful and avoid blocking foot traffic.

Nearby Attractions

• Trevi Fountain – About a 10-minute walk from the steps.
• Pantheon – A short stroll through Rome’s historic streets.
• Villa Medici – Just beyond the church at the top of the steps.
• Pincian Hill – Offers panoramic views over Rome and is accessible from the upper part of the staircase.

Cultural Significance

The Spanish Steps have long been a symbol of Rome’s elegance and cosmopolitan spirit. They’ve appeared in numerous films, including Roman Holiday, The Talented Mr. Ripley, and Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning. The steps were a favorite spot for 18th- and 19th-century artists, poets, and fashionable crowds. They continue to be a favorite location for photographers, street musicians, and visitors looking to soak in the Roman atmosphere.

FAQs About the Spanish Steps

What are the Spanish Steps and where are they located?
The Spanish Steps are a monumental Baroque staircase in central Rome, linking Piazza di Spagna with the church of Trinità dei Monti.

Why are they called the Spanish Steps?
They’re named after the nearby Spanish Embassy to the Holy See, which has been located at the base of the steps since the 17th century.

When were the Spanish Steps built?
Construction began in 1723 and was completed in 1725, funded by French diplomat Étienne Gueffier.

Can you sit or eat on the Spanish Steps?
No. Sitting or eating on the steps is prohibited and subject to fines, as part of efforts to preserve the historic site.

What landmarks are near the Spanish Steps?
Nearby attractions include the Trinità dei Monti church, Fontana della Barcaccia, Keats-Shelley House, Via Condotti, and the Trevi Fountain.

When is the best time to visit?
Early mornings or late evenings are ideal for smaller crowds. Spring is especially popular for the floral display of azaleas.