Visiting the Roman Forum: A Walk Through Ancient Rome

The Roman Forum was once the heart of public life in ancient Rome. Located between the Palatine and Capitoline hills, it served as the city’s political, religious, and commercial center. Today, it’s one of Rome’s most important archaeological sites and a must-see for anyone interested in Roman history.

If you’re putting together a list of essential things to do in Rome, walking through the Roman Forum is one of the most immersive experiences the city has to offer.

What Is the Roman Forum?

The Roman Forum (Forum Romanum) was the center of ancient Roman life for over a thousand years. It’s where laws were debated, temples were built, and major ceremonies took place. Over time, it developed into a dense collection of basilicas, monuments, temples, and public spaces.

While many buildings are now ruins, the layout of the Forum is still visible, and several structures are partly preserved. Exploring the site gives you a glimpse into Rome’s rise as a republic and empire.

Key Highlights in the Roman Forum

The Forum is best explored on foot. You can explore independently or join a guided tour or use an audio guide for context.

Temple of Saturn

Dating back to around 498 BC, the Temple of Saturn is one of the oldest structures in the Forum. Only eight columns remain, but it once housed the state treasury and played a major role in ancient Roman festivals.

Arch of Septimius Severus

Built in AD 203 to celebrate the emperor’s military victories in the East, this triumphal arch is one of the best-preserved in Rome. Look for the detailed reliefs of the Parthian campaigns.

Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine

The largest building in the Forum, this basilica was used for legal proceedings and public business. It was started by Emperor Maxentius and completed by Constantine in the early 4th century AD.

Temple of Antoninus and Faustina

Built by Antoninus Pius in memory of his wife and later rededicated to the emperor himself, this temple was converted into a church in the Middle Ages. Its transformation helped preserve much of the original structure.

Curia Julia (Senate House)

Commissioned by Julius Caesar and finished by Augustus, the Curia Julia served as the Roman Senate’s meeting place. Its brick exterior and intact roof make it one of the best-preserved buildings in the Forum.

Rostra

This platform was where orators addressed crowds. Historical figures like Julius Caesar and Mark Antony spoke here. It was once decorated with the prows of captured enemy ships.

Temple of Vesta

This small, circular temple housed the sacred fire of Vesta. It was tended by the Vestal Virgins and is one of the Forum’s most recognizable structures.

Temple of Castor and Pollux

Built to honor the twin sons of Jupiter after a Roman military victory, only three columns remain today. It served both as a religious and political space.

Via Sacra

This main road through the Forum connected the Colosseum with Capitoline Hill. Triumphs, religious festivals, and state ceremonies all passed along the Via Sacra, making it a key part of Rome’s ceremonial landscape.

Planning Your Visit

Tickets

The Roman Forum is part of the Colosseum Archaeological Park, which includes entry to the Colosseum and Palatine Hill.

• Adult ticket: €18
• Reduced (EU citizens ages 18–25): €2
• Free: Children under 18 and on the first Sunday of each month
• Tickets are valid for 24 hours once activated
• Booking online in advance is highly recommended

Hours of Operation

• Open daily from 9:00 AM
• Closing times vary by season (usually around 4:30 PM in winter and 7:15 PM in summer)
• Last admission is approximately one hour before closing
• Closed on December 25 and January 1

Getting There

• Metro: Colosseo (Line B) is a 5-minute walk from the Forum
• Bus: Routes 51, 75, 85, and 87 stop nearby
• On foot: Located in the historic center, it’s an easy walk from Piazza Venezia, the Capitoline Museums, and the Pantheon

Accessibility and What to Wear

There’s no dress code, but wear comfortable shoes. The site includes uneven surfaces, gravel, and some stairs. Some accessible paths are available, but coverage is limited.

When to Visit

• Mornings and late afternoons are best for light and temperature, especially in summer
• Weekdays are typically less crowded than weekends
• Spring and autumn offer comfortable weather and moderate crowds
• January, February, and November are quieter months with fewer visitors

Tips for Visitors

• Bring water, especially in warmer months
• Wear sunscreen or a hat if visiting midday, as there’s limited shade
• Use a printed or digital map to help navigate the ruins
• Combine with a visit to the Colosseum and Palatine Hill to make the most of your ticket
• Consider a guided tour to better understand the site’s history

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the Roman Forum included with Colosseum admission?
Yes. A standard Colosseum ticket includes the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill.

Can I visit without a guide?
Yes. You’re free to explore on your own, but a guide or audio tour can provide helpful background.

Are there restrooms inside the Forum?
Yes. Restrooms are located near the entrances, but they’re not spread throughout the site.

Can I re-enter the Forum later in the day?
No. Your ticket allows one-time entry to each site within 24 hours.

How long should I spend at the Forum?
Plan for 1.5 to 2 hours. If you’re visiting the Colosseum and Palatine Hill as well, allow half a day.

Is the site suitable for children?
Yes. Kids often enjoy the open space and large structures, but the rough paths may not be ideal for strollers.