The Colosseum: Exploring Rome’s Most Iconic Landmark

A visit to Rome wouldn’t be complete without standing before the colossal arches of the Colosseum. As one of the most famous ancient monuments in the world, the Colosseum captures the imagination with its scale, history, and enduring presence in global culture. Whether you’re tracing the footsteps of gladiators or planning your Roman itinerary, exploring the Colosseum is one of the top things to do in Rome.

A Brief History of the Colosseum

Officially known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, the Colosseum was commissioned by Emperor Vespasian between 70–72 AD and completed by his son Titus in 80 AD. It was built over the site of Nero’s artificial lake, transforming land once dominated by imperial extravagance into a venue for public entertainment. The amphitheater’s inaugural games lasted 100 days and included gladiator combats and wild animal hunts.

The name “Colosseum” likely emerged in the 8th century, inspired by the nearby statue known as the Colossus of Nero. Over the centuries, the structure served many purposes—including a fortress, church, cemetery, and even a quarry for building materials. Despite centuries of earthquakes and looting, the Colosseum remains a remarkable symbol of ancient Rome.

Architectural Wonders

The Colosseum is an elliptical structure measuring 620 by 513 feet, with a capacity for 50,000 to 80,000 spectators. Built from travertine limestone, tufa, and brick-faced concrete, its multi-tiered design allowed Romans from all social classes to attend events. Beneath the arena lay the hypogeum—a network of tunnels and cells used to house gladiators and animals before they emerged through trapdoors into the arena.

Advanced engineering allowed for efficient crowd flow, with 80 entrances and a “vomitoria” design that ensured rapid entry and exit. A retractable canopy system called the velarium shaded the audience, and there were even public restrooms and drinking fountains. This combination of spectacle and practicality remains a marvel of ancient Roman innovation.

Events and Spectacles

The Colosseum hosted a variety of bloodsport and theatrical events. Gladiator contests (munera), exotic animal hunts (venationes), and public executions thrilled Roman audiences. At its peak, thousands of animals and gladiators fought in games that could span months. Some sources even mention mock naval battles, though whether the Colosseum truly hosted such events remains debated.

Christianity and the Colosseum

While many believe the Colosseum was a major site of Christian martyrdom, there is little concrete historical evidence supporting this claim. It wasn’t until the 16th century that the amphitheater was widely associated with martyrdom, and in the 18th century it was officially consecrated as a Christian site. Today, the Pope leads the Way of the Cross there every Good Friday, reinforcing its spiritual symbolism.

The Colosseum in Popular Culture

Over the years, the Colosseum has appeared in numerous films, video games, and works of literature. From the iconic Roman Holiday and Ridley Scott’s Gladiator, to modern appearances in The Lizzie McGuire Movie and Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire, it continues to be a cultural touchstone. Its name is also used for modern arenas and stadiums across the United States and beyond.

Visiting the Colosseum Today

Location & How to Get There

The Colosseum is centrally located at Piazza del Colosseo. The easiest way to reach it is via the Metro B line, with the “Colosseo” station directly in front. Buses (51, 75, 81, 85, 87, 118), tram line 3, and taxis also serve the area. From Fiumicino Airport, take the Leonardo Express to Termini Station, then transfer to Metro B.

Opening Hours

• Daily from 8:30 AM
• Last admission at 6:15 PM (seasonal changes apply)
• Closed on December 25 and January 1

Ticket Options (2025 Rates)

• Basic Fast Track with Audio Guide: €18.90
• Guided Tour + Arena + Roman Forum: €54.90
• Full Experience (Underground, Arena, Forum): €29–€134, depending on the option
• Discounts available for youth, students, and Roma Pass holders

Due to the high number of visitors, booking online is strongly recommended to avoid long waits and ticket touts.

Accessibility & Practical Tips

The Colosseum is accessible via ramps and elevators, though not all areas (like the underground) are wheelchair-friendly. Visitors with disabilities and one companion receive free priority access. Dress comfortably and avoid large bags or prohibited items like sprays and glass bottles. Free water refill stations are available.

Where to Stay

Hotels within walking distance include Royal Rooms, Hotel Palazzo Manfredi, and Ludus Rooms. Accommodations in the area often feature Colosseum views but come at a premium. Booking early is advisable.

Best Time to Visit

Arrive at opening time to beat the crowds and summer heat. Early spring and autumn offer the most pleasant weather and manageable tourist numbers.

FAQs about the Colosseum

What was the original name of the Colosseum?
The original name was the Flavian Amphitheatre, named after the dynasty of emperors who commissioned it.

What kinds of events were held there?
Gladiator fights, animal hunts, mock naval battles, and public executions were common events.

Is visiting the Colosseum one of the best things to do in Rome?
Absolutely. It’s one of the city’s most iconic attractions and part of the UNESCO-listed Historic Center of Rome.

Are guided tours worth it?
Yes. Guided tours provide historical context and often include access to restricted areas like the arena floor or underground tunnels.

Is the Colosseum accessible for wheelchair users?
Yes. There are ramps, elevators, and priority entry for visitors with disabilities.

How do I avoid ticket scams?
Always book through official websites or trusted agencies. Avoid resellers around the monument.

Do I need to dress a certain way?
There is no formal dress code, but wear comfortable shoes and dress for the weather. Costumes and props are prohibited.