The Trevi Fountain in Rome: History, Tips, and What to Expect

The Trevi Fountain is one of the most recognised landmarks in Rome and among the most popular things to do in Rome. Known locally as Fontana di Trevi, it attracts millions of visitors each year with its rich symbolism, flowing water, and detailed Baroque sculptures. Whether you’re planning a first visit or returning to explore more of Rome, the Trevi Fountain offers a glimpse into the city’s artistic heritage and historical legacy.

What Is the Trevi Fountain?

The Trevi Fountain is the largest Baroque fountain in Rome and one of the most iconic in the world. Located in the Trevi district, it stands at the junction of three roads, which is believed to be the source of its name (tre vie). The fountain marks the end point of the ancient Aqua Virgo aqueduct, still in use today. It is not only a visual masterpiece but also a symbol of Rome’s ability to blend history, architecture, mythology, and civic pride.

Historical Background

The current version of the Trevi Fountain dates back to the 18th century. While a fountain existed on this site as early as the 15th century, the structure we see today was designed by architect Nicola Salvi in 1732. Salvi worked on the fountain until his death in 1751. It was completed by Giuseppe Pannini in 1762 under the direction of Pope Clement XIII.

The design was part of a papal initiative to revive Rome’s ancient infrastructure and urban image. Funding for the project came from a public lottery, and work continued for over three decades. The fountain we know today incorporates earlier ideas from Gian Lorenzo Bernini and others, merging theatrical design with practical urban planning.

Design and Sculptural Details

Architectural Features

The fountain is integrated into the back of Palazzo Poli, with a Travertine stone façade that rises 26.3 metres high and stretches nearly 50 metres across. Its structure includes a central niche, side statues, upper reliefs, and a wide basin below.

The architecture is a classic example of Baroque style, with strong contrasts between solid surfaces and flowing water, symmetrical detailing, and natural rock formations. Above the central niche, you’ll find the coat of arms of Pope Clement XII, flanked by allegorical figures representing abundance, fertility, and seasonal wealth.

Central Figures

At the heart of the fountain is Oceanus, the god of the River Ocean, not to be confused with Neptune. He stands on a shell-shaped chariot pulled by two sea horses, each guided by a triton. One horse is calm, the other agitated, symbolising the contrasting moods of the sea. The sculpture, created by Pietro Bracci, is a study in balance and movement.

To the left of Oceanus is Abundance, holding a cornucopia. On the right is Salubrity, symbolising health. These statues, designed by Agostino Corsini, support the broader themes of water as a life-giving force.

Above the side niches are bas-reliefs illustrating the construction and discovery of the Aqua Virgo aqueduct. These works reinforce the link between the fountain and Rome’s ancient water system.

Water Source

The fountain is still fed by the Aqua Virgo, a Roman aqueduct completed in 19 BC. Originally built to supply the Baths of Agrippa, the aqueduct has provided clean water to Rome for over two thousand years. Today, a modern version called Acqua Vergine Nuova continues this tradition.

The water in the Trevi Fountain is recycled and not safe for drinking. However, you can find clean, drinkable water from nearby nasoni (public fountains), many of which also use water from the same aqueduct source.

Traditions and Symbolism

Perhaps the most well-known tradition is tossing a coin into the fountain. The correct method is to throw the coin over your left shoulder with your right hand, ensuring it lands in the water.

• One coin guarantees a return to Rome

• Two coins suggest the possibility of new romance

• Three coins are said to bring love and marriage

Each day, around €3,000 is collected from the fountain. This money is used to support local charities and social projects, including food and services for the poor.

Visiting Information

• Location: Piazza di Trevi, Rome

• Opening hours: Open to the public 24 hours a day

• Access hours for the platform: 9:00 to 21:00 (last entry 20:30), with special hours on Mondays and Fridays due to maintenance and coin collection

• Entry: Free

• Suggested visit duration: Around 40 minutes to an hour

The fountain is accessible and suitable for families. Guided tours start from €29 and audio guides are available for around €12. Some tours include other nearby sights such as Piazza Navona and the Spanish Steps.

How to Get There

• Metro: The nearest stop is Barberini (Line A), about a 10-minute walk. Piazza di Spagna station is also nearby.

• Bus: Several routes stop close to the fountain, including 492, 62, 63, and 85.

• Walking: From Termini Station, it’s about a 20-minute walk through Rome’s historic centre.

Avoid driving to the area as parking is limited and the narrow streets are pedestrian-heavy.

Best Time to Visit

• Early morning: Best for quiet photos and fewer people

• Late evening: When the fountain is beautifully lit and the piazza takes on a relaxed atmosphere

• Avoid: Midday and early evening hours when it’s most crowded

Weekdays, especially Tuesday through Thursday, tend to be quieter than weekends. Winter months also offer a less crowded experience, particularly before the Christmas holidays.

Tips for Your Visit

• Don’t drink from the fountain, but use nearby nasoni for fresh water

• Avoid climbing or swimming in the fountain as this is strictly prohibited and fined

• Stay aware of your belongings in crowded areas

• Bring coins for the traditional toss

• Look closely at the upper reliefs to learn more about the Aqua Virgo

• Consider visiting the Vicus Caprarius, an archaeological site beneath the fountain

Cultural Significance

The Trevi Fountain has featured in many films, most famously in La Dolce Vita by Federico Fellini. The scene with Anita Ekberg wading into the fountain helped immortalise the site in global cinema.

Following the death of actor Marcello Mastroianni, the fountain was briefly draped in black as a tribute. It has also appeared in classics such as Roman Holiday and Three Coins in the Fountain.

Restoration and Preservation

The fountain underwent major restoration in 2014–2015, sponsored by Italian fashion house Fendi. This project included structural repairs, waterproofing, and the installation of LED lighting. Fendi later held a fashion show over the fountain’s basin to celebrate its reopening.

Attractions Near the Trevi Fountain

The central location of the Trevi Fountain makes it an ideal starting point for exploring other key sights:

• Spanish Steps

• Pantheon

• Piazza Navona

• Palazzo Poli

• Villa Borghese

• Vicus Caprarius (archaeological site beneath the fountain)

You’ll also find plenty of restaurants and gelaterias nearby, including Giolitti, Piccolo Buco, and Il Gelato di San Crispino, known for its quality and film cameo in Eat Pray Love.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is it called the Trevi Fountain?
The name refers to its location at the junction of three streets (tre vie in Italian).

Who designed the Trevi Fountain?
Nicola Salvi began the design in 1732. After his death, Giuseppe Pannini completed it in 1762.

Is it free to visit the Trevi Fountain?
Yes. Access is free 24 hours a day.

Can I drink the water?
No. The water in the fountain is recycled. Use nearby drinking fountains instead.

What happens to the coins?
They are collected regularly and donated to local charities, including Caritas.

Can I visit the Trevi Fountain at night?
Yes. The fountain is beautifully lit and accessible in the evening.

Is the Trevi Fountain part of a guided tour?
Yes. Many walking tours of Rome include it, and guided or audio tours are also available.