Naples Cathedral (Duomo di Napoli): A Comprehensive Travel Guide

The Naples Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta), is also called the Cathedral of Saint Januarius or simply the Duomo di Napoli. As the city’s main church and the seat of the Archbishop of Naples, it stands as a powerful symbol of faith and history in southern Italy. If you’re planning a trip to Naples, be sure to check out Exoticca’s guide to Things to do in Naples.

Historical Background

The current cathedral was commissioned in the 13th century by King Charles I of Anjou, who ruled Naples at the time. His aim was to create a grand structure that reflected the power of the Angevin dynasty. Construction continued under his successors, including Charles II, and was completed in the early 14th century under King Robert of Anjou.

The cathedral stands on the site of two ancient churches: the Basilica of Santa Restituta, dating back to the 4th century and considered the oldest in Naples, and the Basilica of Santa Stefania. While Santa Stefania was demolished, Santa Restituta was incorporated into the new complex. Beneath the cathedral, excavations have revealed Roman and Greek remains, including evidence of an ancient temple dedicated to Apollo.

Over time, earthquakes, wars, and evolving styles have left their mark on the building. Today, visitors can admire a blend of Gothic, Baroque, and Neo-Gothic architecture. The cathedral’s neo-Gothic façade, designed by Errico Alvino, was completed in 1905 and remains one of Naples’ most striking features.

Architecture and Interior

The Naples Cathedral is set on the narrow Via Duomo, surrounded by other historic buildings rather than an open piazza. Its Neo-Gothic façade features bronze doors decorated with coats of arms, a rose window, and statues of saints including Saint Gennaro, the city’s patron.

Inside, the cathedral follows a Latin cross layout with a central nave and two side aisles. The nave is 100 metres long, supported by granite pillars and adorned with 17th-century coffered ceilings painted by Girolamo Imparato. The walls are lined with works by Luca Giordano, and the pillars feature busts of Naples’ early bishops. Throughout the interior, visitors can admire frescoes, sculptures, altars, and monumental organs with thousands of pipes, showcasing centuries of artistic excellence.

Key Areas and Features

Basilica of Santa Restituta

This 4th-century basilica is the oldest in Naples and an integral part of the cathedral complex. Visitors can access it through the cathedral’s northern nave. It features early Christian mosaics, ancient columns, and an archaeological area with Roman and Greek artefacts.

Baptistery of San Giovanni in Fonte

Connected to the Basilica of Santa Restituta, this small baptistery is believed to be the oldest Christian baptistery in the world, even predating Rome’s Lateran Baptistery. Its late 4th-century mosaics depict biblical scenes and Christian symbols. A small admission fee applies.

Relics of Saint Januarius and the Miracle of the Blood

Saint Januarius (San Gennaro) is Naples’ most revered figure, and his relics are preserved within the cathedral. His skull and two vials of blood are displayed behind the altar. Three times a year, during special ceremonies, the dried blood is said to liquefy—a phenomenon known as the Miracle of the Blood. This event draws thousands of faithful and tourists, as it’s believed to protect Naples from disaster.

Chapel of the Treasure of San Gennaro

Built in the 17th century, this Baroque chapel is dedicated to Saint Januarius and holds some of the most precious religious artworks in Naples. Designed by Francesco Grimaldi, it includes paintings by Jusepe de Ribera and Giovanni Lanfranco. The chapel also houses a dazzling collection of silver busts, relics, and vestments, and its dome is richly decorated with celestial frescoes.

Minutolo Chapel

Located in the right transept, this 13th-century chapel was restored by Archbishop Capece Minutolo as his family’s burial place. It’s also said to have inspired a story by Boccaccio in The Decameron.

Other Highlights

The cathedral contains tombs of important figures, including Charles I of Anjou, Carlo Martello, and Archbishop Oliviero Carafa. On the high altar stands a grand sculpture of the Assumption, inspired by Bernini’s work in St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome.

Practical Information

Official Names: Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta), Cathedral of Saint Januarius (Cattedrale di San Gennaro), Duomo di Napoli
Location: Via Duomo, 147, 80138 Naples, Italy

Opening Hours:

• Daily: 8:00 am – 7:30 pm (hours may vary on holidays and during services)
• Museum of the Treasure of San Gennaro: 9:30 am – 6:30 pm (last entry 5:30 pm)

Entrance Fees:

• Main Cathedral: Free entry (donations appreciated)
• Baptistery: €2
• Museum of the Treasure of San Gennaro: Around €10 (€7 for seniors 65+, free for children under 12)
• Guided tours: From €20 per person

Getting There:

• Metro: Line 1 to Museo Station or Line 2 to Cavour Station
• Train: Napoli Piazza Cavour (11-minute walk) or Napoli Centrale (20-minute walk)
• Bus: Routes E1, R2, and CS stop nearby
• By foot: The cathedral is located in Naples’ historic centre
• Nearby Attractions: San Lorenzo Maggiore Basilica, Via San Gregorio Armeno, Cappella Sansevero, and the Naples National Archaeological Museum.

Tips for Visiting

• Dress modestly (shoulders and knees covered).
• Check mass times before visiting, especially on feast days.
• Visit early to avoid crowds.
• Consider a guided tour for a deeper understanding of the cathedral’s history.
• Attend the Feast of San Gennaro on 19 September to witness the Miracle of the Blood.
• Don’t miss the Basilica of Santa Restituta and the Treasure Museum for a complete experience.

Why Visit the Duomo di Napoli

The Naples Cathedral captures the soul of the city through its layers of history, faith, and art. Its combination of Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque elements tells the story of Naples’ evolution over centuries. Visitors can explore ancient Christian sites, admire masterpieces by Italian artists, and experience one of the most famous miracles in Catholic tradition.

For travellers seeking to uncover the heart of Naples, the Duomo is an essential stop—offering both spiritual depth and artistic beauty in equal measure.