Carmo Convent: A Historic Landmark in Lisbon

Carmo Convent, located in the Chiado district of Lisbon, is a site that reflects Portugal’s history. Once an important religious structure, the convent was severely damaged by the 1755 earthquake. Today, its roofless nave and Gothic arches stand as a reminder of that event and house the Carmo Archaeological Museum. A visit here provides insight into Lisbon’s past through its architecture and preserved artifacts, which makes it a must-see in Lisbon.

History of Carmo Convent

Founding and Religious Significance

The convent was founded in 1389 by Nuno Álvares Pereira, a military leader instrumental in Portugal’s victory at the Battle of Aljubarrota. After his military career, he joined the Carmelite Order, dedicating himself to religious life. The convent was constructed on a hill overlooking Lisbon’s historic center, symbolizing a connection to Mount Carmel in Palestine, the spiritual home of the Carmelites.

Over time, the convent became a significant religious institution. By the 16th and 18th centuries, new Manueline architectural details were added, contributing to its design.

The 1755 Earthquake and Its Aftermath

On November 1, 1755, during All Saints’ Day Mass, a major earthquake struck Lisbon. The tremors caused the roof and arches to collapse, leading to destruction. Fires and a tsunami followed, damaging most of the city and destroying 80% of Lisbon’s buildings, including the convent’s library, which held 5,000 volumes.

Reconstruction started in 1756, incorporating Neo-Gothic elements, but was never completed. In 1834, Portugal dissolved its religious orders, and the convent was repurposed for other functions, including use as a police barracks and law court.

In 1864, Joaquim Possidónio da Silva donated the site to the Association of Portuguese Archaeologists, which transformed it into Portugal’s first Art and Archaeology Museum.

Exploring Carmo Convent Today

The Ruins and Architectural Features

Visitors can walk through the roofless church, where Gothic arches frame the open sky. The site retains original stone walls, columns, and Manueline windows, reflecting its medieval past. The open-air structure creates a distinct setting for exploring Lisbon’s history.

Carmo Archaeological Museum

Located in the convent’s former sacristy, the Carmo Archaeological Museum houses artifacts from prehistoric times to the Middle Ages. Notable pieces include:

• Tomb of King Ferdinand I – A Gothic-style sarcophagus.
• Baroque tomb of Queen Maria Anna of Austria.
• Roman sarcophagus with Muses reliefs.
• Visigothic artifacts, including a belt buckle and pillar.
• Prehistoric objects, such as hand axes and flint tools.
• Peruvian and Egyptian mummies.
• Azulejo tile panels and medieval tombstones.

Visitors can also see a stone inscription at the entrance, which states that Pope Clement VII granted 40 days of indulgence to any Christian visiting the church.

Practical Information for Visitors

Opening Hours

• November to April: 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM (last entry at 5:40 PM)
• May to October: 10:00 AM – 7:00 PM (last entry at 6:40 PM)
• Closed: Sundays, January 1st, May 1st, and December 25th

Ticket Prices

• Adults: €7.00
• Students and seniors: €5.00
• Children (under 14): Free
• Lisboa Card Holders: 20% discount

How to Get There

• Metro: Baixa-Chiado Station (Blue and Green Lines), a short walk to the convent.
• Bus: Route 758 stops nearby.
• Tram: Tram 28 stops near the Chiado district.
• Santa Justa Elevator: Located near the convent, this historical lift provides an alternative route from downtown Lisbon.
• Walking: Approximately a 7-minute walk from Rossio Square or 15 minutes from Praça do Comércio.

Tips for Your Visit

• Best Time to Visit: Mornings tend to be quieter, while evenings offer different lighting effects on the ruins.
• Plan for 30-60 minutes: Enough time to explore both the convent and the museum.
• Photography: The open arches and sky create a unique setting for photos.
• Check for Events: The site hosts outdoor concerts, exhibitions, and Lisbon Under the Stars, a light and sound show narrating Lisbon’s history.

Nearby Attractions

Santa Justa Elevator

A short walk from the convent, this iron lift provides a view of Lisbon and connects Baixa to Chiado.

Rossio Square

A historic plaza with fountains, cafes, and neoclassical buildings.

Miradouro de São Pedro de Alcântara

A viewpoint with a panoramic view of the city and São Jorge Castle.

Chiado District

A central area with shops, bookstores, and traditional cafés.

Why Visit Carmo Convent?

Carmo Convent offers insight into Lisbon’s history, architecture, and archaeology in one location. Its combination of medieval ruins, a museum collection, and a central location makes it a key stop for visitors wanting to understand Lisbon’s past.

At Exoticca, we design travel experiences that go beyond sightseeing. Our Portugal itineraries include historical landmarks like Carmo Convent, ensuring a meaningful connection with Lisbon’s heritage. Book your trip today and explore the history behind one of the city’s most significant sites.